In recent weeks, as the CEOs of the Detroit automakers lobbied for a federal bailout to get then through the current financial crisis, one of the many criticisms that came up was the UAW "jobs bank." The jobs bank was devised back in the 1990s when the automakers were relatively flush with cash, but were still closing some older plants or reducing production at facilities that built vehicles that weren't selling. The UAW fought for and won a system whereby the workers at those plants still got most of their pay for a time and were placed in a jobs bank. As openings became available at other plants, people in the jobs bank got priority over new hires. In some cases, jobs bank employees were also getting re-trained. The non-union Japanese factories would never do such a thing. Or would they?
Last summer, as sales of the big trucks plummeted when gas jumped to $4 per gallon, Toyota made the decision to completely shut down the two factories building the Tundra and Sequioa for three months. What they didn't do was follow those actions with traditional layoffs. Temporary workers were released, but permanent workers still reported to the plant every day for training. When there was nothing to train them on, some were sent out to work cleaning local parks. Even after production restarted at the San Antonio plant, the line speed was cut in half. All the while, these autoworkers were not building trucks but they were collecting pay checks. Sound familiar?
It's hardly unexpected given recent gloomy sales numbers, but General Motors announced today that they will be cutting shifts at several North American plants. Unfortunately, nearly 2,000 workers will lose their jobs in the process as GM eliminates its third shift to slow production and ease the backlog of vehicles sitting on dealer lots. The affected plants are Orion, Michigan; Oshawa, Ontario; and Lordstown, Ohio (these plants manufacture the Chevrolet Malibu, Pontiac G6, Chevrolet Impala, Chevrolet Cobalt, and Pontiac G5). The news comes on top of the previously announced idling of the Fairfax assembly plant in Kansas City mid-January. That plant makes the Saturn Aura and also the Chevrolet Malibu.
While Ford, General Motors and Chrysler all submitted plans to Congress yesterday that detail how much sacrifice they're willing to make in order to secure government loans, the United Auto Workers union waited until today to announce how it plans to contribute. UAW President Ron Gettelfinger met with leaders of his local Detroit 3 unions today and emerged with a plan to suspend the controversial Jobs Bank program that allows laid off workers to receive up to 95% of their standard pay. Gettelfinger also said that Detroit automakers could postpone making payments into the Voluntary Employee Beneficiary Association, a union-run fund that was scheduled to assume responsibility for retiree healthcare after automaker contributions in the tens of billions were made.
Gettelfinger will once again take a seat next to GM CEO Rick Wagoner, Ford CEO Alan Mulally and Chrysler CEO Bob Nardelli in front of Congress tomorrow. After their admittedly weak showing on Capitol Hill last month, the CEOs and Gettelfinger now have detailed plans to offer Congress on how they would use government loans to ensure their long term viability.
Oh, and while each of the Detroit 3 CEOs will be driving down to DC after being lambasted by Congress for their previous travel aboard separate private jets, Gettelfinger, who never had a private jet, will still be using a commercial airline to reach his date with destiny.
The old equation holds true: fewer cars sold means fewer workers required to assemble them. This basic truth has been proven once again with GM's announced lay-offs of some 1,500 hourly workers, The cut's breakdown includes about 700 workers from General Motor's Pontiac assembly plant, about 400 each at both its Wilmington, Delaware, assembly plant and its Detroit-Hamtramck facility. In Pontiac, where GM assembles full-size trucks, the worker reduction is necessary as General Motors reduces its output to just 24 trucks per hour from 55 per hour. In Detroit, the General will cut its Buick Lucerne and Cadillac DTS production from 56 units per hour to 38, and in Delaware where the Pontiac Solstice, Saturn Sky and Opel Roadster are built, production has already been cut in half. This announcement comes just days after GM said it would close plants located in Grand Rapids, Michigan and Janesville, Wisconsin.
The automotive industry is reeling under serious financial woes, plant closings and job cuts, so news that Daimler AG will be adding 1,000 new people to its payroll next year comes as a bit of a shock. The new jobs will be added globally, with 500 positions going to Daimler's headquarters in Stuttgart, and the rest being distributed around the world. These new positions will reportedly train the automaker's next generation of workers, which are entering the industry at a time when expertise in complex developing technologies are essential for survival. Even with the added jobs, Daimler can't cut any positions until 2012 because of an agreement already in place with its employees. Just like every other automaker, it's hoping to weather the rough time in between by focusing on efficiencies and flexibility wherever possible. So that's one piece of good automotive news, now let's get to work on those stock prices.
Times are tough for Sweden's safest automaker. Ford-owned Volvo has seen its sales decline by alarming amounts so far this year. In fact, in last month's By The Numbers post, the automaker's 51.8% drop in U.S. sales trailed only HUMMER's stratospheric plunge. Fewer cars produced means fewer workers are needed, and with numbers like that, it's no wonder that Volvo needs to cut the rank and file a bit. Volvo announced today that 4,000 jobs worldwide will be cut. That figure includes some 2,230 employees at Volvo Car Corporation in Gothenburg, Sweden as well as 1,300 people, including contractors, outside its home country. After all is said and done, the total number of job cuts, including those already announced before today, will be about 6,000. The sober-sounding press release is pasted after the break.
Amidst constant rumors of a sale of the Volvo brand, and the constant denials from Ford, the brand has seen some massive sales declines, both in Europe and in the United States. Even if Ford does choose to keep the brand, which does seem likely at the moment, fewer cars to sell means fewer workers needed. The latest round of cuts is said to amount to about 900 jobs in 2009, all of which could come from its home country of Sweden. An entire shift will be canceled at its plant in Goteborg in the western side of the country, which may or may not include a portion of those 900 job losses. It would appear that new president and CEO Stephen Odell has his work cut out for him as he attempts to turn the automaker around.
Ford is stuck between a rock (the United Auto Workers union) and a hard place (having too many unionized hourly workers). In order to get some of those workers out the door, the Blue Oval is forced to offer them heavy incentives just to leave. There are ten such incentive packages currently offered at various Ford manufacturing plants. According to reports, the magic number of workers from which the automaker would like to divorce itself is 4,200. It's as simple as having more people than jobs, which is a concern outside of Ford as well and one reason many workers are hesitant to let go of the job they already have. To make this transition easier for current employees, Ford has set up a website that offers tips and alternative job postings for its workers to pursue. Yeah, it's gotten that bad.
As U.S. automakers thin their payrolls and cut production, demand for more fuel-efficient cars has Japanese automakers scrambling to build churn out enough cars. Over here, Toyota and Honda are increasing production and pretty much have applicants lined up for jobs.
In Japan, however, it seems there are too many cars to build with too few people to build them. That's where Japan's connection to Brazil comes in handy. Thanks to a long-ago labor shortage, a 1908 law led to an influx of Japanese into Brazil, which now sports the largest population of Japanese outside of Japan itself. Under Japanese law, anyone claiming Japanese heritage can be issued a visa. Proof of one Japanese great-grandparent is all that is necessary, and even then not rigidly required.
With visa in hand, the Brazilians work through intermediaries to find employment at Japan's labor-starved automakers. The companies avoid immigration issues by trusting the middle-men to verify legal eligibility of the applicants. Instead of paying the average rate of $20 an hour to Japanese workers, the companies pay an average of $12 an hour to the Brazilians.
Porsche didn't win... this round. The German cabinet approved amendments to the Volkswagen Law yesterday, but lawmakers left Porsche's key clause untouched. For those of you who haven't been following this saga, "Volkswagen Law" is the legislation that includes a provision to allow the federal state of Lower Saxony to keep a blocking minority vote in Volkswagen. That minority position is just 20 percent, exactly the amount currently held by Lower Saxony. With Porsche gobbling up shares in VW, intent on capturing a majority position so they can control plant closures, and Lower Saxony determined to protect thousands of jobs in their state... rest assured we haven't heard the last of this.
